Macro Scale

San Juan de Miraflores is a district in the south of Lima city, the capital of Peru. It has an area of 23,98 km2 and a population of approximately 433,709 residents (2025), positioned as one of the districts with a larger population in Lima. Historically, its growth has been related to informal occupation processes and progressive construction practices, especially during the 1960s and 1970s within the context of large internal migrations towards Lima. This period shaped the urban fabric with more consolidated sectors and others in the improvement process.

Geographically, the district combines relatively flat plains with steep slopes, most notably represented by Pamplona Alta, a key hillside area located in the higher parts of the district. At this district level, these topographic conditions generate vulnerable conditions in case of earthquakes, landslides, and heavy rain. It also faces problems associated with lack of access to urban services, exposure to high temperatures during summer, high humidity during winter, and limited green infrastructure, factors that intersect with dynamics of socio-environmental and physical vulnerability across the territory.

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